Paradigms in Physics: Energy and Entropy | 2024-Fall

Course Name
Paradigms in Physics: Energy and Entropy
Course Number
ph423
Year/Term
2024
Display other available years here.
Course Credits
3
Class meeting times
7 hours of lecture per week for five weeks
Prerequisites
Recommended PH 213
Course description
Thermodynamics and canonical statistical mechanics.

Topic/Day

Activities

Resources

Homework Due

Before classes start
Day 1 Wed 9/25
Syllabus
Thermodynamic properties
State variables
Working in small groups
A glass of water
Math Bits
Final - Mon 11/4
Final exam
7:00pm - 9:00pm on Monday evening.
Day 2 Thurs 9/26
Math Bits:
State variables on the PDM
Physical Properties of the PDM
Introducing differentials and thermodynamic identity
Name the experiment
Class video (60:00)
Intensive vs. extensive definition (3:49)
Algebra with intensive and extensive quantities (4:53)
HW 0
Day 3 Fri 9/27
Math Bits:
Derivatives are observable
Isolength and Isoforce Stretchability on the PDM
Derivatives Are Observable (Lecture)
Thermodynamic Systems (Lecture)
GMM: Thick Derivatives
GMM: Leibniz Notation
Class video (60:00)
State variables (4:05)
Thermodynamic systems (4:31)
Math Bits:
PDM Dictionary
Name the experiment (PDM Dictionary)
Day 4 Mon 9/30
Math Bits:
Representations for derivatives
Holding things fixed
Class video (60:00)
Corinne's OH: covers derivatives from contours, intensive/extensive, zapping (1:14:19) Graph for class
Math Bits:
Differentials
Zapping with d (Lecture)
Differentials (4:08)
GMM: Differentials
GMM: Rules for Differentials
GMM: Properties of Differentials
GMM: Differentials: Summary
Day 5 Tues 10/1
Math Bits:
The Multivariable Chain Rule
Product Rule for Differentials (3:14)
Chain Rule for Differentials (2:25) GMM: The Multivariable Differential
GMM: Chain Rule
GMM: Applications of Chain Rule
GMM: Interpreting Differentials
HW 1
Math Bits:
Interpreting Derivatives
Interpreting Differentials (Lecture)
Isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric, and isochoric (3:27)
Class video 60:00
Corinne's 10/2 OH covers: gradient vs. zapping, geometry of partials, intensive/extensive (several times), NIST data (47:54)
Day 6 Wed 10/2
Math Bits:
Systems of Equations
The Isothermal Bulk Modulus
Class video (60:00)
Day 7 Thurs 10/3
Math Bits:
Chain Rule Diagrams
Chain Rules (Lecture)
GMM: Chain Rule via Tree Diagrams
GMM: Things NOT to do with differentials
Class video (60:00)
Corinne's 10/7 OH: chain rules and diagrams (17:28)
Day 8 Fri 10/4
Ice calorimetry lab
Microwave oven Ice Calorimetry Lab
Jansen, Section 1.4
Prep: Microwave ice lab (5:35)
Latent heat (1:49)
Heat capacity and specific heat (2:35)
HW 2
Day 9 Mon 10/7
First and Second Laws of thermodynamics
Fast and Slow
Energy and heat and entropy
The First Law of Thermodynamics
Jansen, Section 1.4
Heat and entropy (4:44)
Day 10 Tues 10/8
Second Law
Second Law and Entropy
Thermodynamic Identity
Free expansion
Jansen, Section 1.5
Prep: Second Law of Thermodynamics (1:17)
Prep: Thermodynamic identity (7:12)
Entropy of the universe optional! (1:56)
Day 11 Wed 10/9
Discuss free expansion
Melting ice activity
Heat Capacity and Entropy
Melting Ice Lab
Heat capacity and entropy Please watch (9:33)
HW 3
Day 12 Thurs 10/10
Changing entropy
Heat and Work
Laws and equations and equations of state
Using $pV$ and $TS$ Plots
Day 13 Fri 10/11
Midterm review
Energy and Entropy Midterm Review
Energy and Entropy midterm equation sheet
PH 423 Differentials Review
Coffee and Bagels (5:54)
What is entropy? (3:14)
Day 14 Mon 10/14
MIDTERM
Practice midterm (not graded)
Day 15 Tues 10/15
Math Bits:
Internal energy on PDM
Internal Energy on the PDM (Lecture)
Math Bits:
Cycles
Cat Elevator
Day 16 Wed 10/16
Engines and Fridges
Other views of the Second Law
Heat Engines
Dimensional reasoning
Work or no work?
Day 17 Thurs 10/17
Name the experiment
Name the experiment (changing entropy)
Efficiency of reversible heat engines (4:48)
Reversible heat engines and cycles (5:57)
HW 4
Day 18 Thurs 10/18
Thermodynamics practice
Ideal Gas
Analyzing a Simple Cycle Using a $p V$ Curve
Day 19 Mon 10/21
Finding entropy review
Day 20 Tues 10/22
Math Bits
Legendre transformations
Legendre Transformations on the PDM
HW 5
Day 21 Wed 10/23
Thermodynamic potentials
Maxwell Relations
Thermodynamic Potentials
Maxwell relations
Remember to make Ideal gas internal energy homework not optional for next year.
Day 23 Fri 10/25
Thermodynamics Practice
Name the experiment (Maxwell relations)
\begin{align*}\left(\frac{\partial {S}}{\partial {V}}\right)_{T} \quad \left(\frac{\partial {S}}{\partial {V}}\right)_{p}\end{align*}
Move plastic rod to the next HW for next year.
HW 6
Day 24 Mon 10/28
Black Body Radiation
Thermodynamics of black body radiation
Review of Thermodynamics
Quasistatic Revisited
Black Body Objects
Day 25 Tues 10/29
Thermodynamics and statistics
Statistical Approach
Thermo and Statistics Intro
The fairness function
Demonstrating Extensivity in the Fairness Function
Day 26 Wed 10/30
Statistical Approach
Maximizing fairness (least bias)
Thermodynamic properties from the Boltzmann factor
Jansen Stat Mech Eq. 2.23
Deriving \(\beta=\frac1{k_BT}\) (20:47) (Notes from video)
HW 7
Day 27 Thurs 10/31
Using the Boltzmann factor
Interstellar medium
Day 28 Fri 11/1
Review
Also taking physics out of integrals
Energy and Entropy review
Energy and Entropy equation sheet
Additional material
Statistical mechanics of air
Quantum Spectra
Diatomic ideal gas
Internal Energy of a Diatomic Ideal Gas
Quantum spectra (5:44)
Ideal gas with N molecules (20:50)
Additional material
Statistical mechanics of air
Recap of activity
Limiting Cases
Additional material
Finish Statistical mechanics of air
HW 8